Loss of strength refers to a reduction in the ability to exert force with muscles. There are several potential causes behind losing strength:
Aging - As we get older, muscle mass and strength tend to gradually decline. This condition is called sarcopenia. The rate of muscle loss accelerates after age 50.
Injuries - An injury that damages muscles, tendons, or nerves can lead to weakness in the affected area. For example, a torn rotator cuff or ACL tear in the knee may cause local weakness.
Diseases - Certain illnesses can sap strength by reducing muscle mass. These include chronic conditions like cancer, kidney disease, heart disease, arthritis, and diabetes. Autoimmune disorders can also contribute.
Inactivity - Use it or lose it! Going on bed rest, wearing a cast, or otherwise reducing physical activity can trigger noticeable strength loss in as little as 2 weeks. Astronauts in space lose up to 30% of muscle mass if they don't exercise enough.
Poor nutrition - Eating too little protein and calories, being deficient in vitamins/minerals, or dealing with illnesses that impair nutrient absorption can lead to reductions in functional strength capacity.
How would you know if you're losing strength? Telltale signs include:
Struggling to open jars or carry grocery bags
Difficulty climbing stairs or getting up from chairs
Muscle fatigue happening more quickly
Tripping or losing balance more often
Needing to use momentum or modify movements to perform daily activities
Feeling shaky when holding or lifting objects
If you notice consistent and persistent strength loss that affects your day-to-day functionality or quality of life, consider seeing a physical therapist or physician for an evaluation. They can help diagnose potential causes and recommend tailored treatment options to help regain strength or adapt to losses. Early intervention can often slow further declines.